WAEC 2026 Chemistry Practical Questions and Answers (Specimen) – Complete Guide

Preparing for the WAEC 2026 Chemistry Practical is essential for every science student aiming for excellent performance in the May/June examination. This guide on WAEC 2026 Chemistry Practical Questions and Answers (Specimen) provides likely questions, standard procedures, and accurate answers to help you understand the format and boost your confidence before the exam.

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WAEC 2026 Chemistry Practical Questions and Answers (Specimen)

Instruction:

Candidates are provided with the following specimens:

• A: 0.1M HCl
• B: 0.1M Na₂CO₃
• C: Unknown salt solution
• D: Organic compound
• E: Distilled water

SECTION A: TITRATION (Questions 1–20)

1. What is the aim of the experiment?
   To determine the concentration of solution A using solution B.
2. What apparatus is used to measure solution A?
   Burette.
3. What apparatus is used to measure solution B?
   Pipette.
4. What indicator is suitable for this titration?
   Methyl orange.
5. What is the colour change at the endpoint?
   Yellow to orange/red.
6. What is a concordant titre value?
   Readings that differ by not more than 0.1 cm³.
7. Write the balanced equation for the reaction.
   Na₂CO₃ + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H₂O + CO₂
8. What is the average titre value if readings are 24.50 and 24.60 cm³?
   24.55 cm³
9. State one precaution during titration.
   Ensure no air bubbles in the burette.
10. Why is the pipette rinsed with solution B?
    To avoid dilution.
11. What is the function of the indicator?
    To show the endpoint of the reaction.
12. Why is the burette read at eye level?
    To avoid parallax error.
13. What is the molar ratio of Na₂CO₃ to HCl?
    1:2
14. What gas is produced during the reaction?
    Carbon dioxide.
15. What is the colour of methyl orange in acid?
    Red.
16. What is the colour of methyl orange in base?
    Yellow.
17. Define titration.
    A method used to determine concentration of a solution.
18. What is the endpoint?
    The point where indicator changes colour.
19. What is the meniscus?
    The curve seen at the surface of a liquid.
20. Why are multiple readings taken?
    To ensure accuracy.

SECTION B: QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS (Questions 21–40)

21. What is qualitative analysis?
    Identification of substances in a sample.
22. What is the colour of Cu²⁺ solution?
    Blue.
23. What reagent is used to test for NH₄⁺?
    Sodium hydroxide.
24. Observation when NH₄⁺ is present?
    Ammonia gas evolved.
25. Test for CO₃²⁻ ion?
    Add acid → effervescence.
26. Gas produced from carbonate test?
    Carbon dioxide.
27. Confirmatory test for CO₂?
    Turns limewater milky.
28. Test for SO₄²⁻ ion?
    Add BaCl₂ → white precipitate.
29. Test for Cl⁻ ion?
    Add AgNO₃ → white precipitate.
30. Test for Fe²⁺ ion?
    Add NaOH → green precipitate.
31. Test for Fe³⁺ ion?
    Add NaOH → brown precipitate.
32. What happens when Cu²⁺ reacts with NaOH?
    Blue precipitate forms.
33. What is the colour of Zn²⁺ precipitate?
    White.
34. What happens when excess NaOH is added to Zn²⁺?
    Precipitate dissolves.
35. Test for nitrate ion?
    Brown ring test.
36. What indicates positive nitrate test?
    Brown ring formation.
37. Define precipitate.
    An insoluble solid formed in a reaction.
38. What is a reagent?
    A chemical used to test another substance.
39. What is effervescence?
    Bubbling of gas.
40. What is the colour of Fe³⁺ solution?
    Yellow/brown.

SECTION C: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (Questions 41–50)

41. What is an organic compound?
    A compound containing carbon.
42. Test for unsaturation?
    Bromine water.
43. Observation for unsaturated compound?
    Bromine water decolourizes.
44. Test for alcohol?
    Add sodium → effervescence.
45. Gas evolved in alcohol test?
    Hydrogen.
46. Test for carboxylic acid?
    Add Na₂CO₃ → effervescence.
47. What gas confirms acid?
    CO₂.
48. What is esterification?
    Reaction between acid and alcohol.
49. What is the smell of ester?
    Fruity smell.
50. State one use of organic compounds.
    Used as fuels or in perfumes.

Conclusion

This WAEC 2026 Chemistry Practical Questions and Answers (Specimen) covers essential titration calculations, qualitative analysis, and organic chemistry tests commonly repeated in exams. Mastering these questions will significantly increase your chances of scoring high in the WAEC 2026 Chemistry Practical.