WAEC 2026 Data Processing OBJ & Essay Questions and Answers (May/June Guide)

WAEC 2026 Data Processing OBJ and Essay Questions and Answers (May/June)

Preparing for WAEC 2026 Data Processing OBJ and Essay Questions and Answers (May/June) requires a solid understanding of computer fundamentals, data handling, and information processing concepts. This guide provides likely objective and theory questions with accurate answers to help candidates revise effectively and boost their performance in the examination.

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WAEC 2026 Data Processing OBJ and Essay Questions and Answers (May/June) SECTION A: OBJECTIVE (OBJ) QUESTIONS

WAEC 2026 Data Processing OBJ

1. A computer is defined as a machine that
   A. Types documents
   B. Processes data into information
   C. Stores only data
   D. Prints documents
   Answer: B
2. The brain of the computer is the
   A. RAM
   B. CPU
   C. Monitor
   D. Keyboard
   Answer: B
3. Which of the following is an input device?
   A. Printer
   B. Monitor
   C. Keyboard
   D. Speaker
   Answer: C
4. Which device is used to display output?
   A. Mouse
   B. Monitor
   C. Scanner
   D. Joystick
   Answer: B
5. Data processing involves
   A. Only input
   B. Only output
   C. Input, processing, and output
   D. Storage only
   Answer: C
6. The physical parts of a computer are called
   A. Software
   B. Hardware
   C. Firmware
   D. Peopleware
   Answer: B
7. Which is an example of software?
   A. Keyboard
   B. Monitor
   C. Microsoft Word
   D. Mouse
   Answer: C
8. The smallest unit of data is
   A. Byte
   B. Bit
   C. Kilobyte
   D. Megabyte
   Answer: B
9. Which storage device is portable?
   A. Hard disk
   B. Flash drive
   C. ROM
   D. RAM
   Answer: B
10. A program used to control computer hardware is
    A. Application software
    B. System software
    C. Utility software
    D. Antivirus
    Answer: B
11. Which of the following is an output device?
    A. Scanner
    B. Keyboard
    C. Printer
    D. Mouse
    Answer: C
12. The main memory of a computer is
    A. RAM
    B. CD-ROM
    C. Flash drive
    D. Diskette
    Answer: A
13. ICT stands for
    A. Information Communication Technology
    B. Integrated Communication Technology
    C. Information Computer Technology
    D. Internal Communication Tool
    Answer: A
14. A group of related data is called
    A. Field
    B. Record
    C. File
    D. Database
    Answer: C
15. Which is not a component of a computer system?
    A. Hardware
    B. Software
    C. Peopleware
    D. Airware
    Answer: D
16. The process of converting raw data into meaningful information is
    A. Input
    B. Output
    C. Processing
    D. Storage
    Answer: C
17. An example of an operating system is
    A. Windows
    B. Excel
    C. PowerPoint
    D. Word
    Answer: A
18. Which device is used to input images?
    A. Printer
    B. Scanner
    C. Speaker
    D. Plotter
    Answer: B
19. The use of computers in banking is called
    A. E-learning
    B. E-commerce
    C. E-banking
    D. E-mail
    Answer: C
20. Which of the following is volatile memory?
    A. ROM
    B. RAM
    C. Hard disk
    D. CD-ROM
    Answer: B

WAEC 2026 Data Processing OBJ and Essay Questions and Answers (May/June) SECTION B: THEORY (ESSAY) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

WAEC 2026 Data Processing Essay

1. Define Data Processing.

Answer:
Data processing is the process of collecting, organizing, and transforming raw data into meaningful information.

2. List and explain three stages of data processing.

Answer:

• Input: Entering raw data into the computer
• Processing: Manipulating the data
• Output: Producing meaningful information

3. Differentiate between data and information.

Answer:

• Data: Raw facts and figures
• Information: Processed data that is meaningful

4. Mention four input devices.

Answer:

• Keyboard
• Mouse
• Scanner
• Microphone

5. State four output devices.

Answer:

• Monitor
• Printer
• Speaker
• Plotter

6. Explain the term hardware.

Answer:
Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system that can be seen and touched.

7. What is software?

Answer:
Software is a set of instructions or programs that tells the computer what to do.

8. List two types of software.

Answer:

• System software
• Application software

9. Define CPU and state its components.

Answer:
CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the brain of the computer.
Components:

• Control Unit
• Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

10. Explain RAM and ROM.

Answer:

• RAM: Temporary memory (volatile)
• ROM: Permanent memory (non-volatile)

11. What is a file?

Answer:
A file is a collection of related data stored together.

12. Define database.

Answer:
A database is an organized collection of data for easy access and management.

13. State three uses of computers.

Answer:

• Education
• Banking
• Communication

14. What is ICT?

Answer:
ICT means Information and Communication Technology used to handle telecommunications and data.

15. List three storage devices.

Answer:

• Hard disk
• Flash drive
• CD-ROM

16. Explain the term operating system.

Answer:
An operating system is software that manages computer hardware and software resources.

17. Mention three examples of operating systems.

Answer:

• Windows
• Linux
• macOS

18. What is an input device?

Answer:
An input device is used to enter data into a computer.

19. What is an output device?

Answer:
An output device displays or produces processed data.

20. State two advantages of computers.

Answer:

• Speed
• Accuracy

Concussion for WAEC 2026 Data Processing

• Focus on definitions and examples
• Practice past questions regularly
• Understand basic computer operations
• Revise diagrams (input-process-output cycle).

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