WAEC 2026 Statistics Questions and Answers (Objective & Essay) – May/June Guide

WAEC 2026 Statistics Objective and Essay Questions and Answers – May/June

Preparing for WAEC 2026 Statistics requires a solid understanding of data handling, probability, and interpretation of statistical results. This comprehensive guide on WAEC 2026 Statistics objective and essay questions and answers – May/June is designed to help candidates revise effectively, practice likely exam questions, and boost their confidence ahead of the examination.

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 WAEC 2026 Statistics Objective and Essay Questions and Answers – May/June SECTION A: OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS (1–20)

Choose the correct option from A–D.

1. The mean of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 is
   A. 5
   B. 6
   C. 7
   D. 8
   Answer: B
2. The median of 3, 7, 9, 11, 15 is
   A. 7
   B. 9
   C. 11
   D. 15
   Answer: B
3. Mode is defined as
   A. Average value
   B. Most frequent value
   C. Middle value
   D. Range
   Answer: B
4. Range is
   A. Highest value – lowest value
   B. Sum of values
   C. Middle value
   D. Average
   Answer: A
5. If P(A) = 0.5, then A is
   A. Impossible
   B. Certain
   C. Likely
   D. Equally likely
   Answer: D
6. A pictogram represents data using
   A. Numbers
   B. Symbols
   C. Lines
   D. Words
   Answer: B
7. The total of frequency is called
   A. Mean
   B. Median
   C. Sample size
   D. Mode
   Answer: C
8. The probability of an impossible event is
   A. 1
   B. 0
   C. ½
   D. 2
   Answer: B
9. The class width is
   A. Upper limit – lower limit
   B. Frequency
   C. Midpoint
   D. Range
   Answer: A
10. A bar chart is used for
    A. Continuous data
    B. Discrete data
    C. Both
    D. None
    Answer: B
11. The mean of grouped data is calculated using
    A. fx / f
    B. Σfx / Σf
    C. Σf / Σx
    D. fx
    Answer: B
12. Variance measures
    A. Central tendency
    B. Dispersion
    C. Frequency
    D. Probability
    Answer: B
13. Standard deviation is the
    A. Square of variance
    B. Square root of variance
    C. Mean
    D. Mode
    Answer: B
14. Histogram is used for
    A. Discrete data
    B. Continuous data
    C. Words
    D. Symbols
    Answer: B
15. Ogive represents
    A. Frequency
    B. Cumulative frequency
    C. Mean
    D. Mode
    Answer: B
16. The probability of a sure event is
    A. 0
    B. 1
    C. ½
    D. 2
    Answer: B
17. Quartiles divide data into
    A. 2 parts
    B. 3 parts
    C. 4 parts
    D. 5 parts
    Answer: C
18. Mean = Σx / n where n is
    A. Frequency
    B. Total number of observations
    C. Range
    D. Mode
    Answer: B
19. A sample is
    A. Whole population
    B. Part of population
    C. Data set
    D. Mean
    Answer: B
20. Probability ranges between
    A. 0 and 1
    B. 1 and 2
    C. 0 and 2
    D. 2 and 3
    Answer: A

WAEC 2026 Statistics Objective and Essay Questions and Answers – May/June SECTION B: ESSAY QUESTIONS (1–20)

1. Define Statistics.

Answer:
Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, analyzing, and interpreting data.

2. Differentiate between mean, median, and mode.

Answer:

• Mean: Average of values
• Median: Middle value
• Mode: Most frequent value

3. Calculate the mean of 5, 10, 15, 20.

Answer:
Mean = (5 + 10 + 15 + 20) / 4 = 50 / 4 = 12.5

4. What is range?

Answer:
Range = Highest value – Lowest value

5. Define probability.

Answer:
Probability is the likelihood of an event occurring.

6. List two types of data.

Answer:

• Primary data
• Secondary data

7. What is a frequency distribution table?

Answer:
A table showing how often each value occurs.

8. Define variance.

Answer:
Variance is the average of squared deviations from the mean.

9. What is standard deviation?

Answer:
It is the square root of variance.

10. Explain histogram.

Answer:
A histogram is a graphical representation of continuous data using bars.

11. Define sample and population.

Answer:

• Population: Entire group
• Sample: Subset of population

12. What is cumulative frequency?

Answer:
Running total of frequencies.

13. List two measures of central tendency.

Answer:

• Mean
• Median

14. Define quartiles.

Answer:
Values that divide data into four equal parts.

15. What is a pie chart?

Answer:
A circular chart showing proportions.

16. State two uses of statistics.

Answer:

• Decision making
• Data analysis

17. Define class interval.

Answer:
Range between upper and lower limits.

18. What is a bar chart?

Answer:
Graph representing discrete data using bars.

19. Define dispersion.

Answer:
The spread of data values.

20. State one difference between discrete and continuous data.

Answer:

• Discrete: Countable
• Continuous: Measurable.

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