WAEC 2026 Geography Questions and Answers – May/June
WAEC 2026 Geography Questions and Answers – May/JunePreparing for the WAEC 2026 Geography questions and answers – May/June examination requires a solid understanding of both physical and human geography concepts. This guide provides carefully structured objective (OBJ) and essay questions with answers to help students revise effectively, improve confidence, and perform excellently in the exam.
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WAEC 2026 Geography Questions & Answers – OBJ 20 & Essay 20 | May/June Section A: Objective Questions (OBJ)
1. The Earth rotates on its axis from
A. North to South
B. East to West
C. West to East
D. South to North
Answer: C
2. The longest river in Africa is
A. River Niger
B. River Congo
C. River Nile
D. River Zambezi
Answer: C
3. Which of the following is an example of a sedimentary rock?
A. Granite
B. Basalt
C. Sandstone
D. Marble
Answer: C
4. The Tropic of Cancer lies at
A. 0°
B. 23½°N
C. 23½°S
D. 90°N
Answer: B
5. Weathering involves
A. Movement of rocks
B. Breaking down of rocks
C. Formation of rocks
D. Cooling of magma
Answer: B
6. The instrument used to measure rainfall is
A. Barometer
B. Thermometer
C. Rain gauge
D. Hygrometer
Answer: C
7. Which soil type is best for agriculture?
A. Sandy soil
B. Clay soil
C. Loamy soil
D. Rocky soil
Answer: C
8. Population density refers to
A. Birth rate
B. Death rate
C. Number of people per area
D. Migration rate
Answer: C
9. The equator divides the Earth into
A. East and West
B. North and South
C. Upper and Lower
D. Front and Back
Answer: B
10. Which of the following is a renewable resource?
A. Coal
B. Petroleum
C. Solar energy
D. Natural gas
Answer: C
11. A plateau is
A. Lowland area
B. Flat elevated land
C. Mountain peak
D. River valley
Answer: B
12. The main occupation in the savanna region is
A. Fishing
B. Lumbering
C. Farming
D. Mining
Answer: C
13. Wind erosion is common in
A. Forest regions
B. Desert regions
C. Coastal regions
D. Mountain regions
Answer: B
14. Which layer of the Earth is the hottest?
A. Crust
B. Mantle
C. Core
D. Lithosphere
Answer: C
15. The main cause of tides is
A. Wind
B. Sun
C. Moon
D. Rain
Answer: C
16. A map scale shows
A. Direction
B. Distance
C. Symbols
D. Height
Answer: B
17. Which of the following is a cash crop?
A. Yam
B. Rice
C. Cocoa
D. Maize
Answer: C
18. Desertification is caused by
A. Excess rainfall
B. Overgrazing
C. Flooding
D. Urbanization
Answer: B
19. The capital of Nigeria is
A. Lagos
B. Abuja
C. Kano
D. Port Harcourt
Answer: B
20. Which of the following industries is primary?
A. Banking
B. Manufacturing
C. Mining
D. Transport
Answer: C
WAEC 2026 Geography Questions & Answers – OBJ 20 & Essay 20 | May/June Section B: Essay Questions and Answers
1. Explain the types of rocks.
Answer:
There are three main types of rocks:
- Igneous rocks: Formed from cooling magma (e.g., granite).
- Sedimentary rocks: Formed from deposited materials (e.g., sandstone).
- Metamorphic rocks: Formed when existing rocks change due to heat and pressure (e.g., marble).
2. Describe the water cycle.
Answer:
The water cycle involves evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and collection. Water evaporates from surfaces, condenses into clouds, falls as rain, and returns to rivers and oceans.
3. What are the causes of soil erosion?
Answer:
- Heavy rainfall
- Deforestation
- Overgrazing
- Poor farming practices
4. Explain population growth.
Answer:
Population growth is the increase in the number of people in an area due to high birth rates, low death rates, and migration.
5. Describe the characteristics of the tropical rainforest.
Answer:
- High rainfall
- Dense vegetation
- High temperature
- Diverse wildlife
6. What are natural resources?
Answer:
Natural resources are materials provided by nature such as minerals, water, and forests used by humans.
7. Explain the importance of transportation.
Answer:
- Facilitates trade
- Promotes development
- Enhances communication
- Links rural and urban areas
8. What are the effects of climate change?
Answer:
- Rising temperatures
- Flooding
- Drought
- Melting ice caps
9. Describe urbanization.
Answer:
Urbanization is the movement of people from rural areas to cities, leading to city expansion.
10. What are the types of farming?
Answer:
- Subsistence farming
- Commercial farming
- Mixed farming
- Plantation farming
11. Explain the importance of rivers.
Answer:
- Source of water
- Transportation
- Fishing
- Hydroelectric power
12. What is desertification?
Answer:
Desertification is the process by which fertile land becomes desert due to human activities and climate change.
13. Describe weather and climate.
Answer:
- Weather: Short-term atmospheric condition
- Climate: Long-term weather pattern
14. What are the types of vegetation?
Answer:
- Forest
- Grassland
- Desert vegetation
15. Explain the causes of flooding.
Answer:
- Heavy rainfall
- Poor drainage
- River overflow
16. What is a map?
Answer:
A map is a representation of the Earth’s surface showing physical and human features.
17. Describe mining.
Answer:
Mining is the extraction of minerals from the Earth for economic use.
18. What are the effects of deforestation?
Answer:
- Loss of biodiversity
- Soil erosion
- Climate change
19. Explain the importance of agriculture.
Answer:
- Food production
- Employment
- Raw materials for industries
20. What are the major climatic zones?
Answer:
- Tropical
- Temperate
- Polar
