WAEC 2026 Agricultural Science OBJ & Essay Questions and Answers – May/June

Preparing for WAEC 2026 Agricultural Science OBJ and Essay Questions and Answers – May/June requires a solid understanding of key agricultural concepts, practical knowledge, and exam techniques. This guide provides likely objective and essay questions with accurate answers to help candidates revise effectively and boost their performance in the upcoming examination.

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WAEC 2026 Agricultural Science OBJ & Essay Questions and Answers – May/June Objective Questions (OBJ)

1. Agriculture is defined as the
A. cultivation of crops only
B. rearing of animals only
C. production of crops and rearing of animals
D. selling of farm produce
Answer: C

2. Which of the following is a factor of production?
A. Soil
B. Water
C. Labour
D. Rain
Answer: C

3. The tool used for cutting grasses is
A. Hoe
B. Cutlass
C. Spade
D. Rake
Answer: B

4. Which soil type retains the highest amount of water?
A. Sandy soil
B. Clay soil
C. Loamy soil
D. Gravel soil
Answer: B

5. Photosynthesis occurs in the
A. root
B. stem
C. leaf
D. flower
Answer: C

6. Farm animals are also known as
A. livestock
B. wildlife
C. poultry
D. pets
Answer: A

7. Which of the following is a leguminous crop?
A. Maize
B. Beans
C. Rice
D. Millet
Answer: B

8. The process by which plants lose water is called
A. transpiration
B. respiration
C. evaporation
D. diffusion
Answer: A

9. A disease caused by fungi is
A. malaria
B. rust
C. cholera
D. typhoid
Answer: B

10. Which farm animal produces wool?
A. Goat
B. Sheep
C. Cow
D. Pig
Answer: B

11. The main nutrient required for leafy growth is
A. Nitrogen
B. Phosphorus
C. Potassium
D. Calcium
Answer: A

12. Irrigation is the
A. removal of weeds
B. supply of water to crops
C. harvesting of crops
D. planting of crops
Answer: B

13. The method of controlling pests using natural enemies is
A. chemical control
B. biological control
C. cultural control
D. mechanical control
Answer: B

14. Which of the following is not a farm record?
A. Sales record
B. Weather record
C. Marriage record
D. Labour record
Answer: C

15. The gestation period of a goat is about
A. 3 months
B. 5 months
C. 7 months
D. 9 months
Answer: B

16. A nursery is used for
A. harvesting crops
B. raising young plants
C. storing tools
D. feeding animals
Answer: B

17. Weeds compete with crops for
A. sunlight
B. nutrients
C. water
D. All of the above
Answer: D

18. The female reproductive organ of a flower is
A. stamen
B. pistil
C. petal
D. sepal
Answer: B

19. Crop rotation helps to
A. reduce soil fertility
B. increase pests
C. maintain soil nutrients
D. destroy crops
Answer: C

20. The storage pest of grains is
A. termite
B. weevil
C. grasshopper
D. caterpillar
Answer: B

WAEC 2026 Agricultural Science OBJ & Essay Questions and Answers – May/June Essay Questions and Answers

1. Define Agriculture and State Its Importance

Answer:
Agriculture is the science and art of cultivating crops and rearing animals for human use.

Importance of Agriculture:

• Provides food for the population
• Creates employment opportunities
• Supplies raw materials for industries
• Generates income and foreign exchange
• Supports rural development

2. List and Explain the Factors of Production

Answer:

• Land: Natural resources used for farming
• Labour: Human effort in farm operations
• Capital: Money and tools used in production
• Management: Coordination of farm activities

3. Describe Three Methods of Weed Control

Answer:

• Manual Control: Hand pulling or hoeing weeds
• Chemical Control: Use of herbicides
• Cultural Control: Crop rotation and cover cropping

4. Explain the Importance of Soil in Agriculture

Answer:

• Provides nutrients for plant growth
• Anchors plant roots
• Stores water
• Supports microorganisms

5. State Five Uses of Farm Records

Answer:

• Helps in planning farm activities
• Tracks income and expenditure
• Assists in decision making
• Helps in obtaining loans
• Monitors farm progress

6. Outline the Differences Between Subsistence and Commercial Farming

Answer:

• Subsistence farming is for family consumption; commercial farming is for sale
• Subsistence uses simple tools; commercial uses modern machinery
• Small scale vs large scale production

7. Describe the Life Cycle of a Crop Plant

Answer:

• Germination
• Seedling stage
• Vegetative growth
• Flowering
• Fruiting
• Maturity and harvesting

8. Mention Five Common Farm Tools and Their Uses

Answer:

• Cutlass – clearing bushes
• Hoe – tilling soil
• Rake – gathering debris
• Spade – digging soil
• Wheelbarrow – transporting materials

9. Explain Pest Control Methods

Answer:

• Biological control using predators
• Chemical control using pesticides
• Cultural control like crop rotation
• Mechanical control like traps

10. State the Importance of Livestock Production

Answer:

• Provides meat, milk, and eggs
• Generates income
• Supplies manure
• Provides employment
• Acts as a source of protein

11. Define Irrigation and State Its Types

Answer:
Irrigation is the artificial application of water to crops.

Types:

• Sprinkler irrigation
• Drip irrigation
• Surface irrigation

12. Explain Crop Rotation

Answer:
Crop rotation is the practice of growing different crops on the same land in sequence to maintain soil fertility and reduce pests.

13. List Five Types of Soil and Their Characteristics

Answer:

• Sandy soil – coarse, drains fast
• Clay soil – fine, holds water
• Loamy soil – balanced and fertile
• Silt soil – smooth and fertile
• Peaty soil – rich in organic matter

14. Describe the Process of Photosynthesis

Answer:
Plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce food (glucose) and oxygen.

15. Mention Five Agricultural Practices

Answer:

• Weeding
• Irrigation
• Fertilization
• Harvesting
• Pest control

16. Explain the Importance of Fertilizers

Answer:

• Improve soil fertility
• Increase crop yield
• Supply essential nutrients

17. List Five Examples of Livestock

Answer:

• Cattle
• Sheep
• Goat
• Poultry
• Pig

18. Describe the Role of Government in Agriculture

Answer:

• Provides subsidies
• Offers extension services
• Supports research
• Builds infrastructure

19. Explain Soil Erosion and Its Control

Answer:
Soil erosion is the removal of topsoil by wind or water.

Control:

• Planting cover crops
• Contour ploughing
• Mulching

20. State Five Importance of Agricultural Science

Answer:

• Enhances food production
• Improves farming methods
• Promotes sustainability
• Creates jobs
• Supports economic growth.

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